Foreign Direct Investment Vs. The United Kingdom - 1985 Words

The Turkish government has fought the Kurdistan Worker’s Party (PKK) for the last thirty-two years. The conflict has claimed countless thousands of lives, and caused more than 300,000 to go homeless following the destruction of their villages (MandÄ ±racÄ ±, 2016). Despite these atrocities Turkey’s economy has steadily grown, though at a slower rate than otherwise would be possible. Turkey has a highly diversified economy with strong sectors including agriculture, automotive production and shipbuilding. Turkey trades with neighboring countries including the U.S. and the United Kingdom, although there is a sizeable trade imbalance. Foreign Direct Investment figures are rising. Turkey has enjoyed support from the U.S. since the 1950’s and has partnered with the US militarily most notably in Afghanistan. Turkey has strong allies in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and the European Union (EU). Tipping the scales downwards is Turkey’s vision of itself. It s eeks to create a version of democracy marked by intolerance of Kurds. It is the most serious problem Turkey faces. On the 24th of August 2016, Turkish forces launched a limited-scale ground invasion into Syria to support the Free Syrian Army (FSA) and halt the taking of the border town of Jarabulus by Syrian Kurds. The resistance encountered was minor: ISIS fighters did little to resist likely due to technological overmatch. The majority of the fighting was reported to be against the Syrian Kurds. This incursion appeared to beShow MoreRelatedThe Last Major Overhaul Of Theu.s Tax Code1154 Words   |  5 PagesTax Reform Act of 1986. President Ronald Regan’s Treasury Department proposed a tax-neutral reform with the definitive duty of simplifying the overall code. However, the absence of any reform since then greatly reflects the United States current condition, in that â€Å"The United States provides a good example of an uncompetitive tax code† (Pomerleau Lundeen, 20 14). 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Themes Of The Great Gatsby - 2450 Words

Julianna Fowler Mrs. Massey AP Lit 18 March 2016 Themes in The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is widely regarded as one of the best novels of the 20th century. The decadence and frivolity of the roaring twenties is apparent on the surface of The Great Gatsby but underneath you will find themes that include a subtext of taboo homosexuality; the treatment and portrayal of women; and the corruption and falseness associated with the established rich and the nouveau riche. The Great Gatsby was published during a time of extreme prejudice towards homosexuality. It was not only socially unacceptable but was illegal in many parts of the world. Implications of homosexuality are present within the story, most notably when it†¦show more content†¦The implied sexual activity is obvious to any reader that pays enough attention. When Nick follows Mr. McKee to his apartment, it is not described as Nick helping him home because he is impaired. Nick simply takes his hat and follows him. This, paired with Mr. McKee in bed in his underwear, strongly suggests that the two had sex. It was commonplace as well for gay men in the 1920s to ‘drop pins’ about their sexuality. Mr. McKee’s placement of his hand on the elevator lever is a blatant example of this. Elevator levers are phallic in nature, and the likelihood of Mr. McKee accidentally touching one is slim, being that elevator operators are steadfastly stood beside them. Thus making the à ¢â‚¬Ëœaccidental’ touching, a very intentional action, meant to represent Mr. McKee’s, and by extent, Nick’s sexuality. Nick’s sexuality is also evident in the differing ways he describes men and women throughout the book. He describes women with nowhere near the emotional connection with which he describes men. The passages about Daisy, Jordan, and Myrtle seem rather clinical in nature, as if he is simply relaying their appearances. Whereas Gatsby and Tom are described in an awe inspired way. The passage about Tom is even quite sexual in nature, focusing on the power of his body and the muscles visible beneath his clothing. Gatsby’s smile is described at length, with great attention paid to the way it makes Nick feel. The importance of recognizing Nick’s potential and probable

Accounting for Managers Cost and Profit

Question: Discuss about the Report for Accounting for Managers of Cost and Profit. Answer: The directors of the company have received three different proposals from their three senior staffs. To analyze the effect of the three proposals, it is important to determine the current and profit structure of the company (DRURY 2013). The cost profit of the company, based on the information of last twelve months, are shown below: Statement of Cost Profit:- Current Structure Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Sales 20000 130 2600000 Variable Manufacturing Cost 20000 50 -1000000 Fixed Maufacturing Cost -400000 Variable Selling Administrative Costs 20000 30 -600000 Fixed Selling Administrative Costs -300000 Profit 20000 15 300000 From the above statement, it can be stated that if the company continues with the current cost profit structure, then it can earn profit of $3,00,000 in total and $15 per unit. In such consequences, it will generate sale revenue of $26,00,000 annually. Proposal of Accountant:- Now, if the company considers the proposal of the accountant, the propose cost profit structure will be as follows: Statement of Cost Profit:- 1st Alternative Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Sales 20000 140 2800000 Variable Manufacturing Cost 20000 50 -1000000 Fixed Maufacturing Cost -400000 Variable Selling Administrative Costs 20000 30 -600000 Fixed Selling Administrative Costs -425000 Profit 20000 18.75 375000 The table indicates that the company can be able to increase its annual profit to $375000 from $300000 and the profit per unit will also increase to $18.75 from $15. The accountant has suggested that the sales volume will not fall if an advertisement campaign will be continued at national level. However, it has been observed that price and demand always inversely proportional to each other. Whenever, price of any commodity falls, the demand of the same uses to increase accordingly and if the price increases, then the demand moves downward (Rios et al. 2013). Power drill is not a necessary commodity and hence, its price and demand will react as per the general economic rule. The accountant has proposed for an advertisement campaign to prevent the fall of the sales, due to increase in price. Therefore, the success of the proposal is fully dependable on the success of the advertisement campaign. If the campaign fails to maintain the current sales level, then the sales revenue, as well a s, the total profit, will fall and the proposal will not be able to fulfill the objective (Horngren et al. 2013). Proposal of Production Manager: The production manager has suggested to improve the quality of the product for increasing the sales volume. The projected cost profit as per the suggestion and expectations of the production manager are calculated below:- 2nd Alternative Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Sales 25000 130 3250000 Variable Manufacturing Cost 25000 55 -1375000 Fixed Maufacturing Cost -400000 Variable Selling Administrative Costs 25000 30 -750000 Fixed Selling Administrative Costs -350000 Profit 25000 15 375000 It is quite evident that, by following this proposal, the company can increase its sales volume to $325000 from $260000. Subsequently, the total profit will also rise to $375000 from $300000. However, the profit per unit will remain same. If the company wish to earn profit in volume then the proposal is quite effective. However, it is not sure that the consumers of the product are interested in improved quality or not (Mitra 2016). If, the improved quality fails to attract more consumers, then the sales volume will not increase as per the projection. In that case, the extra cost for advertisement and production will force the total profit volume to decrease and the profit per unit will also move downwards accordingly (Weygandt et al. 2015). Proposal of Sales Manager:- The sales manager intends to lower down the selling price for first 3 months. The cost profit structure for the first 3 months are shown below: Statement of Cost Profit:- 3rd Alternative Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Sales 10000 120 1200000 Variable Manufacturing Cost 10000 50 -500000 Fixed Maufacturing Cost -100000 Variable Selling Administrative Costs 10000 30 -300000 Fixed Selling Administrative Costs -85000 Profit 10000 21.5 215000 As the table describes, the company will surely earn higher profit per unit to $21.50 than the actual profit per unit of $15. It can also increase its total sales revenue comparatively. The company can sell almost half of last years sales volume within first three months in this year. Moreover, as mentioned above, fall in price can surely increase the demand of the product. However, when, the price will be increased after three months, that can create negative impact on the customers. The sales volume may fall down significantly that time, which may result in decrease of total sales volume. In that case, the additional profit, expected to be earned in the first 3 months, cannot help the company to earn more profits annually (Collier 2015). 2:- The cost profit structure of the company as per the normal estimations are calculated below: Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Direct Material Cost 150000 2.5 375000 Direct Labor Cost 150000 3 450000 Variable Factory Overhead 150000 1.5 225000 Fixed Factory Overhead 150000 2 300000 Manufacturing Cost 150000 9 1350000 Variable Selling Administrative Cost 150000 2 300000 Fixed Selling Administrative Cost 150000 1.5 225000 Total Cost 150000 12.5 1875000 20% Mark Up 150000 2.5 375000 Selling Price 150000 15 2250000 a) Capacity of 200000 units:- Now, if the capacity of the factory is 200000 units, then the cost profit structure of the company will as follows: Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Direct Material Cost 200000 2.5 500000 Direct Labor Cost 200000 3 600000 Variable Factory Overhead 200000 1.5 300000 Fixed Factory Overhead 200000 1.5 300000 Manufacturing Cost 200000 8.5 1700000 Variable Selling Administrative Cost 200000 2 400000 Fixed Selling Administrative Cost 200000 1.13 225000 Total Cost 200000 11.63 2325000 20% Mark Up 200000 2.33 465000 Selling Price 200000 13.95 2790000 From the above table, it can be stated that the selling price for 200000 units will be $13.95. Therefore, the bid for the supply to government department will be as per the following table: Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Selling Price 40000 13.95 558000 Less : Sales Commission 40000 2 80000 Bid Price 40000 11.95 478000 b) Capacity of 180000 units:- For the capacity level of 180000 units, the cost profit structure is calculated below: Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Direct Material Cost 180000 2.5 450000 Direct Labor Cost 180000 3 540000 Variable Factory Overhead 180000 1.5 270000 Fixed Factory Overhead 180000 1.67 300000 Manufacturing Cost 180000 8.67 1560000 Variable Selling Administrative Cost 180000 2 360000 Fixed Selling Administrative Cost 180000 1.25 225000 Total Cost 180000 11.92 2145000 20% Mark Up 180000 2.38 429000 Selling Price 180000 14.3 2574000 According to the above table, the selling price for 180000 units will be $14.30. In that case, the bid price for the government supply will be as per the following table: Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Selling Price 40000 14.30 572000 Less : Sales Commission 40000 2 80000 Bid Price 40000 12.30 492000 3:- Balance Sheet represents the closing balances of assets and liabilities. As costs are Nominal A/c. in nature, such financial items are not included in the balance sheet as assets. The closing balances of several cost related accounts are closed at the end of the year by adjusting it with Income Statement (Deegan 2013). However, some costs can be shown in the asset side of the balance sheet, if the cost is paid in advance for the current year. Such costs are referred as Prepaid Expenses (Weil et al. 2013). There are many costs, which are revenue expenditure in nature, but provide benefits in the following years also, i.e, advertisement cost. In that case, the part of the such expenses, which is attributable to the following years, are shown in the asset side of the balance sheet as Deferred Revenue Expenditure. It should be noted that the costs, which are incurred in cash, can only be shown as assets in the balance sheet, if paid in advance. The non-cash expenses, such as, depreciation or amortization, cannot be treated as assets in the balance sheet in any circumstances (Horngren et al. 2012). 4:- a) Calculation of Overhead Allocation Rate:- Particulars Amount Indirect Cost $ 98,400.00 Direct Labor Hour 25795 Machine Hour 9840 Indirect Cost per Labor Hour $ 3.81 b) Calculation of Total Cost for Special Order:- Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Direct Material 2100 16.1 33810 Direct Labor 1400 12.7 17780 Indirect Overhead 1400 3.81 5334 TOTAL COST 32.61 56924 c) Calculation of Total Cost for Special Order under Machine Hour Rate:- Particulars Unit Cost p.u. Amount Direct Material 2100 16.1 33810 Direct Labor 1400 12.7 17780 Indirect Overhead 525 10 5250 TOTAL COST 38.8 56840 d) Calculation of Minimum Price:- Particulars Amount Minimum Total Cost $ 56,840.00 Nos. of Trailers 350 Minimum Price per Trailer $ 162.40 e) Advantages of Segmented Overhead Cost Pool ABC Costing:- It is very necessary to ascertain the production cost accurately. Production cost is the most important factor for pricing purpose. It is the base of any pricing structure. Hence, the business firms give high focus on accurate production costs and adopt various costing method for calculating the productions costs properly (Kaplan and Anderson 2013). In modern times, the production system has become complicated and advanced. In such scenario, it has become very tough to allocate the costs properly. Activity based costing is the most effective method for such accurate allocation of costs. It divides the various costs under different activity based cost pools and allocates the total costs of different departments into the different cost pools proportionately (Kaplan and Atkinson 2015). Any business department is involved with various types of business activities. Hence, allocation of costs, according to departments, may not provide accurate production costs. Therefore, ABC costing allocates the costs according to the activities and helps the firm to identify actual expenses, incurred for various activities (Azizi 2012). Thus, the production costs, derived from segmented activity based cost pools by using Activity Based costing method can be proved more helpful for proper ascertainment of production costs. Reference:- Kaplan, R. and Anderson, S.R., 2013.Time-driven activity-based costing: a simpler and more powerful path to higher profits. Harvard business press. Kaplan, R.S. and Atkinson, A.A., 2015.Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning Horngren, C.T., Sundem, G.L., Schatzberg, J.O. and Burgstahler, D., 2013.Introduction to management accounting. Pearson Higher Ed DRURY, C.M., 2013.Management and cost accounting. Springer. Weygandt, J.J., Kimmel, P.D. and Kieso, D.E., 2015.Financial Managerial Accounting. John Wiley Sons Azizi, A., 2012. Activity Based Costing.Audit organization publication. Mitra, A., 2016.Fundamentals of quality control and improvement. John Wiley Sons Deegan, C., 2013.Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia Weil, R.L., Schipper, K. and Francis, J., 2013.Financial accounting: an introduction to concepts, methods and uses. Cengage Learning Horngren, C., Harrison, W., Oliver, S., Best, P., Fraser, D. and Tan, R., 2012.Financial Accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU Collier, P.M., 2015.Accounting for managers: Interpreting accounting information for decision making. John Wiley Sons Rios, M.C., McConnell, C.R. and Brue, S.L., 2013.Economics: Principles, problems, and policies. McGraw-Hill

Sonnys Blues And Paul`s Case Essays - Sonnys Blues, Cher

Sonny's Blues And Paul`s Case ?I think people ought to do what they want to do, what else are they alive for. (49)? This thought is what is reflected in both ?Sonny's Blues? by James Baldwin and ?Paul's Case? by Willa Cather. Both Baldwin and Cather illustrate the problem of a young man growing up and taking on the responsibility of finding out who they are and what they want out of life. In these stories the theme is most prevalent, developing the story and helping the reader form their own opinions on how they feel about their own individuality. No matter how hard someone tries to decide someone's life, it is up to the individual to decide what kind of life they want to live. In ?Sonny's Blues? Sonny was the youngest child in his family and after his parents died when he was young his big brother made a promise that he would look after him. Unfortunately, Sonny chooses the wrong path at first and gets involved in drugs and has to go to a rehabilitation center to get better. After he gets out his brother asks him ?What do you want to do(47), to which Sonny replies ?I'm going to be a musician. (47)? Sonny's brother doubts his aspirations from the beginning and even tells himself that ?(he) never played the role of the older brother quite so seriously before (47).? Sonny's brother is a teacher and you can tell by his instincts how much he want to teach Sonny things about life in general. By playing the ?roles? of parent, big brother, and teacher, Sonny's brother constantly stresses how he wants his brother to turn out. In the end Sonny's brother should have listened to himself when he told his mother that ?(Sonny is) a good boy and he's got good sense (45)? so that he would of trusted Sonny more to make his own decisions. In ?Paul's Case? Paul was the only child in his family and because his mother died he has only his father's influence on his life. We join Paul in the story while he is getting in trouble, much like how Sonny was in trouble at first. Much like ?Sonny's Blues? Paul sees himself facing his teachers and they are questioning him as to why he was misbehaving. At one point a teacher inquires about a remark that Paul had made, Paul replied, ?I didn't mean to be polite or impolite either. I guess it's a sort of way I have about saying things regardless. (401)? The teacher influences in the stories feel dissatisfied with their influences on the boys, but they are not taking into account that they cannot force these boys to grow up faster than they want to grow up themselves. They can only hope to point them in the right direction. ?Sonny's Blues? sets the story in Harlem, New York. The city of Harlem does a lot to develop how the theme of the story influences Sonny. Sonny grew up around drug dealers in what would be thought of as the typical low-income slum of the city. Sonny does experience the life of his peers, getting involved in drugs and going to the rehab center. Sonny did not let this affect the outcome of the rest of his life, he learned from his mistakes, thought about what he did while he was in rehabilitation and decided on a better path for his life. Paul attended Pittsburgh High School and where he lived had made him already decide on a better life for himself. He was very conscious of his surroundings and didn't like the life on ?Cordelia Street.? Every time he came home ?he experienced the physical depression, the loathing of respectable beds, of common food, of a house penetrated by kitchen odors,? he hated Cordelia Street. Paul in his story seems to think about his life more than Sonny, this is evident whenever he steps foot onto Cordelia street. ?The nearer he approached the house, the more absolutely unequal Paul felt to the sight of it all; his ugly sleeping chamber; the cold bathroom with the grimy zinc tub, the cracked mirror?(405).? He wanted a different life, and had always planned escape Cordelia Street and achieves the life he wanted. Sonny decided that he wanted to be a musician, and the distraction of his brother was not going to stop him in his quest to be one. Once he had a piano to practice on he did everything possible to reach his